About the MAYSI-2
The MAYSI-2 is a mental health screening tool to
assist juvenile justice facilities in identifying youths 12-17 years old
who may have special mental health needs requiring immediate attention. It can be used at any entry or transitional placement point in the
juvenile justice system (e.g., intake probation, pretrial detention,
juvenile correctional programs). Since 2000, the MAYSI-2 has become one
of the most widely used mental health screening tools in juvenile
justice systems, having been adopted for statewide use in probation,
detention, or juvenile corrections programs in 40 states.
The 2006 edition of the manual is consistent with the previous
edition (the MAYSI-2 itself has not been revised), but contains the
Spanish as well as English version of the MAYSI-2, offers new
information on recently completed national norms involving over 70,000
cases, and provides new information and Second Screening Forms for
systematic follow-up interviews with youths who score above the cutoff
scores on any MAYSI-2 scale.
The MAYSI-2:
Can be administered to all youths in probation intake
interviews or within the first few hours after admission to detention
and corrections facilities.
Requires no more than 15 minutes to administer, and can be scored in about 3 minutes.
Can be administered in paper-and-pencil form or with a web-based version called Web MAYSI-2, and is available in both English and Spanish.
Alerts staff to potential mental/emotional distress and
certain behavior problems that might require an immediate response
(Alcohol/Drug Use, Angry-Irritable, Depressed-Anxious, Somatic
Complaints, Suicide Ideation, Thought Disturbance, Traumatic
Experiences).
Does not require a mental health professional for scoring and interpretation.
Review
“For the first time, we have a scientifically-sound instrument to
identify signs of mental health problems among youth in juvenile justice
settings. Over the past several decades, there has been growing
evidence that many justice-involved youth may require mental health
services, yet the field has been hampered by the absence of a
comprehensive, well-tested and easy to use screening tool. The MAYSI-2
fills this gap. The importance of the MAYSI-2 is reflected in its
incredibly rapid spread across the country."
"I visit juvenile justice programs and facilities across the
country, I am impressed with how often and how well it is being adopted.
More importantly, it is allowing for the identification of youth who
may have mental health needs, thus forcing juvenile justice and mental
health officials and policy makers to begin to develop the evaluation
and treatment services these youth need. Without doubt, the MAYSI-2 has
done more to highlight, in a real and concrete way, the mental health
needs of justice-involved youth than any other tool, research or event
in the past several decades.”
-Joseph J. Cocozza, PhD, Director, National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice, Delmar, NY
Table of Contents
PREFACE
History of the MAYSI and MAYSI-2 / National Youth Screening
Assistance Project (NYSAP) / Purpose of the Manual/Report / Conditions
for Use of the MAYSI-2 / Current Status of the MAYSI-2
SECTION I - MANUAL FOR USING THE MAYSI-2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the MAYSI-2
Brief Overview / Why Mental Health Screening in Juvenile Justice
Programs? / What Guided the Development of the MAYSI-2? / What Should
be Considered When Deciding Whether to Use the MAYSI-2?
Chapter 2: The MAYSI-2 Scales
Alcohol/Drug Use / Angry-Irritable / Depressed-Anxious / Somatic
Complaints / Suicide Ideation / Thought Disturbance (Boys) / Traumatic
Experiences
Chapter 3: Administering the MAYSI-2 in Juvenile Justice Screening Completing the Questionnaire / Scoring the MAYSI-2
Chapter 4: Responding to High MAYSI-2 Scores
“Caution” and “Warning” Cut-Off Scores / For Administrators:
Establishing Policy Regarding Responses to High MAYSI-2 Scores / Second
Screening for the MAYSI-2 / For Staff: Interpreting and Responding to
High MAYSI-2 Scores
SECTION II - DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAYSI-2: TECHNICAL REPORT
Chapter 5: Development of the MAYSI Prototype Initial Conceptualization and Item Development / Method, Procedures, and Sample for the 1996-1998 MAYSI Study
Chapter 6: Identification of the MAYSI-2 Scales
Process for Identifying the MAYSI and MAYSI-2 Scales / Results of the
Massachusetts Factor Analysis / Results of the California Factor
Analysis
Chapter 7: Psychometric Properties and Reliability Scale Distributions / Scale Analyses / Inter-Scale Correlations / Test-Retest Stability
Chapter 8: Validity MAYSI-2 Inter-Scale Correlations / Relation to Scales in Other Instruments
Chapter 9: Normative Data: The Original Massachusetts Study Age and Gender Norms / Ethnic Groups / Sites and Legal Status / Cut-Off Scores / Other Research on MAYSI-2 Validity
Chapter 10: Data from the 2002-2005 National Norms Study The Method, Case/Site Variables, and Sample / Norms / Cross-Site Consistency of Demographic Differences / Conclusion
TABLES
Tables Compiled from Original Massachusetts Study - Table 1: Proportion of Youths At or Above the Caution and Warning Cut-Off Scores / Table 2: Sample (Age, Gender, Race) / Table 3: Sample (Sites and Legal Status, by Age, Gender, Race) / Table 4: Factor Loadings for 52 MAYSI-2 Items / Table 5: MAYSI-2 Scale Alphas and Item-Total Correlations / Table 6: Intercorrelations of MAYSI-2 Scales / Table 7: MAYSI-2 Test-Retest Results / Table 8: Correlations of MAYSI-2 Scales With Six Clinical Scales of Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory / Table 9: Correlations of MAYSI-2 With Scales of Child Behavior Checklist - Youth Self Report / Table 10: MAYSI-2 Means and Standard Deviations for Age by Gender Groups / Table 11: Mean MAYSI-2 Scores and Significant Differences by Gender and by Age (Younger and Older) / Table 12: Comparison of Ethnic Groups on MAYSI-2 Scales (for Boys and Girls) / Table 13: Comparison of Boys and Girls Within Ethnic Group / Table 14: MAYSI-2 Means by Site and by Legal Status / Table 15: Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) Analyses, and Results Using Optimal ROC Cut-Off Scores / Table 16: Caution and Warning Cut-Off Scores
Tables Compiled from National Norms Study - Table 17: Geographic Characteristics - Youths by State and Region (n, % within region) / Table 18: Youth Characteristics - Population Density and Gate by State (n, column %) / Table 19: Youth Demographic Characteristics (n, % within row category) / Table 20: Characteristics of Other Ethnic Group (n, % of ethnic group) / Table 21: Youth Demographic Characteristics by Gate (n, % within gate) / Table 22: Gender Comparisons - At or Above the Caution and Warning Cut-Off Scores / Table 23: Age Comparisons - At or Above the Caution and Warning Cut-Off Scores / Table 24: Percent Meeting Caution and Warning Cut-Off Scores by Gender and Age Group / Table 25: Caution and Warning Cut-Off Scores for Race/Ethnicity / Table 26: Percent Meeting Caution and Warning Cut-Off Scores by Gender and Race/Ethnicity
MAYSI-2 FORMS
MAYSI-2 Questionnaire / MAYSI-2 Scoring Key / MAYSI-2 Scoring Summary and Profile / Instructions for the Alternative MAYSI-2 Alternative MAYSI-2 Scoring Key / Alternative MAYSI-2 Scoring Summary and Profile / Instructions for the MAYSI-2 Spanish Version MAYSI-2 Spanish Version Questionnaire / Instructions for the MAYSI-2 Second Screening Forms Alcohol/Drug Use / Angry-Irritable / Depressed-Anxious / Somatic Complaints / Suicide Ideation / Thought Disturbance / Summary
About the Authors
Thomas Grisso, PhD, ABPP, is Professor of Psychiatry, Director of
Psychology, and Director of the Law and Psychiatry Program at the
University of Massachusetts Medical School. His research, teaching, and
clinical practice during the past 35 years have focused on legal
competencies, forensic clinical evaluations, and developmental
psychology applied to juvenile legal issues. He has authored or
co-authored numerous books and evaluation instruments on juvenile
forensic issues, including the following titles published by
Professional Resource Press: Clinical Evaluations for Juveniles' Competence to Stand Trial
(2005), Evaluating Juveniles Adjudicative Competence: A Guide for Clinical Practice (2005), Miranda Rights Comprehension Instruments (MRCI) (2012), Forensic Evaluation of Juveniles - Second Edition (2013).
Richard Barnum, MD, is a child and adolescent forensic
psychiatrist and former Director of the Boston Juvenile Court Clinic. He
has conducted evaluations of thousands of children and families
involved in juvenile court, is on the faculty of the University of
Massachusetts and Harvard Medical Schools, and has written on issues of
forensic assessment of children and families and mental health concerns
in the juvenile justice system. He currently provides consultation and
psychiatric assessments to the Massachusetts juvenile correction agency
in secure and community settings.
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